Jeszcze to jakbyście mogli :D
Inhalation and exhalation involves muscles:
*Rib muscles = the muscles between the ribs in the chest.
*Diaphragm muscle
Muscle movement – the diaphragm and rib muscles are constantly contracting and relaxing (approximately 16 times per minute), thus causing the chest cavity to increase and decrease.
During inhalation – the muscles contract:
*Contraction of the diaphragm muscle – causes the diaphragm to flatten, thus enlarging the chest cavity.
*Contraction of the rib muscles – causes the ribs to rise, thus increasing the chest volume.
*The chest cavity expands, thus reducing air pressure and causing air to be passively drawn into the lungs.
*Air passes from the high pressure outside the lungs to the low pressure inside the lungs.
During exhalation – the muscles relax:
*The muscles are no longer contracting, they are relaxed.
*The diaphragm curves and rises, the ribs descend – and chest volume decreases.
*The chest cavity contracts thus increasing air pressure and causing the air in the lungs to be expelled through the upper respiratory tract. Exhalation, too, is passive. Air passes from the high pressure in the lungs to the low pressure in the upper respiratory tract.
Inhalation and exhalation are involuntary and therefore their control requires an effort.
1.External respiration it is gas exchange between the lungs bloodstream. This involves the passage of oxygen from the air in the alveoli through the alveolar and capillary walls to the blood in the capillaries, as well as the passage of carbon dioxide from the bloodstream to the alveoli.
2.Internal Respiration it is-gas exchange between the bloodstream and the body tissues. This involves the transport of oxygenated blood from the heart to all parts of the body, where the oxygen is delivered to tissues and cells for energy and metabolism, while carbon dioxide, as a waste product, is absorbed by the blood.